The Effects of Downsizing Stifles on Organizational Innovation Propensity
Abstract Workforce downsizing has become a popular human resource practice in organizations over the last few years. During the economic or financial crisis, most companies take an appropriate measure to implement downsizing strategies in order to optimize cost efficiencies as well as to achieve operational effectiveness. However, more surprisingly, its long term impact on a number of organizational outcomes remains ambiguous. Research on the impact of downsizing is still questionable. Organizations recognize that a stable and effective organization structure and culture must be in place to have a favorable working environment for innovation. To perform daily work, develop innovation and obtain efficiencies, workers’ knowledge must frequently be shared across organizational boundaries. Organizational downsizing is a popular approach amongst managers these days. This paper therefore, aims to review various pitfalls introduced into the organization as a result of the downsizing exercise. This paper attempts to identify both direct and indirect consequences of downsizing to the organization’s ability with the purpose of innovation in the long run.
Quality of Work Life and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among the Employees in Private Universities in Malaysia
Abstract The Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is considered as an important variable in studying any organization. It is relatively difficult to build relationships and improve performance within an organization. This study aims to investigate the relationship between quality of work life (QWL) and organizational citizenship behavior among administrative staffs in private universities in Malaysia. In the current study, QWL refers to the factors such as convenience, financial, career opportunity, and university core value. However, OCB is defined as altruism and conscientiousness. This study proposed the new conceptual framework that considers the QWL’s dimensions as the independent variables (IVs), and the OCB’s dimensions as the dependent variables (DVs). In the current study, the administrative staffs of private universities in Malaysia are identified as the unit of research analysis. The current study is a cross-sectional study and the quantitative method will be used for collecting data. The techniques of SPSS for descriptive analysis and PLS-SEM model also will be employed to analysis the data collected from the respondents. The present study reveals that the relationships among the above-mentioned variables might be empirically examined in future studies.
Holistic model for an efficient knowledge transfer of high-tech firms
Abstract Though research on technology transfer and business performance topics is widely tackled by academics and practitioners, very few studies directly treat the connection between both from a holistic and overall perspective. The purpose of the research is to investigate about Knowledge Transfer (KT) issue by building a representative conceptual model for high tech industries, and enlightening its relationship with business performance. A descriptive literature review methodology allows setting a profile of the KT phenomenon from the perspective of determinants of impact. Model is developed based on a bundle of dimensions and master determinants, featured as attributes and mechanisms. The matching between KT master determinants and business management practices is showed. According to knowledge-based view of the firm theory, high tech companies could be understood as systematic multi-level flows of knowledge. Theoretical conclusion is attained: an optimal management and administration of the (un)aware multi-transfer phenomenon results in an excellent business performance and competitiveness of high tech firms. The contribution of the research and its uniqueness are showed: the complex and multifactorial KT phenomenon of the high-tech companies is profiled through a set of conceptual business terms, enabling the development of practical business management tools to improve efficiency and business performance. Further implications are discussed and future research should be executed to validate empirically the conclusions.
The Effect of Cultural Empathy on Expatriate Job Satisfaction Assigned in Malaysia
Abstract This paper aims to present a conceptual model for a cultural empathy on expatriates‟ job satisfaction mediated by cross-cultural adjustment. The author develops a conceptual model and propositions, grounded in previous study on international human resource, international business management, cross-cultural management and intercultural management. Cultural empathy is one of the multicultural personality dimensions. There are five dimensions of multicultural personality (MPQ), i.e., cultural empathy, open mindedness, social initiative, emotional stability, and flexibility. Moreover, according to previous management scholars, job satisfaction has relatively scant attention in the literature on intercultural management (IM). The proposed model is expected to offer a guideline to the international human resource for selecting the expatriates working outside from their home countries in order for the expatriate‟s effectiveness during overseas assignment.
Examining the Influence of the Characteristics of Islamic Banks and Shariah Supervisory Board on the Level of Social Responsibility Disclosure: A Review from Sudan
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical model of corporate social responsibility disclosure from Islamic perspective in the case of Sudan, by applying the system-oriented theories (i.e. political economy, legitimacy and stakeholder theories), and economic incentives, such as the agency theory. This paper conceptualizes the influence of the characteristics of some banks (i.e. their size, profitability, and Islamic investments), and the effectiveness of the Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB), as moderating variable, on the level of corporate social responsibility disclosure in the Islamic banks‟ annual reports. The conclusion drawn from the literature is that the characteristics of Islamic banks; especially bank size, profitability and Islamic investments potentially have an influence on the level of Islamic social information disclosure in the Islamic banks‟ annual reports. In addition, the presence of an effective Shariah Supervisory Board in Islamic banks is proposed to positively moderate this relationship.
Brand Related User Generated Content in Consumer Socialization Process: A Conceptual Model and Research Propositions
Abstract Considering the increase in popularity and usage of social media, there is no doubt that the potential for e-marketing and other forms of online positioning is growing in equal measure. Consumer socialization through these new types of online communities, especially via social networking websites, has become an important part of contemporary marketing. An online community provides a cost effective mechanism with the ability to target specific types of consumer demographics. However, there is still a gap in the socialization literature regarding the effects of Brand-related User-generated Content (BR-UGC) on users’ intention to purchase branded products/services via their online interactions. Given the increasing exposure to generating and sharing BR-UGD and the prevalence of social networks like Facebook in the lives of today’s users this gap needs to be addressed. This paper marks an exploratory step toward our understanding of the interactive roles BR-UGC content and Facebook play in the formation of socialization agent through the lens of consumer socialization theory and, their effects on users’ attitude towards the brands and purchase intentions. It also addresses the impact of social structural variables and social experience variables as antecedents to generating vs. sharing BR-UGC as consumer socialization agents. The proposed model is valuable for future empirical research whereby user’s interactions via BR-UGC can be enhanced to maximize the influence of social media in purchase intention.
Investigating the Impact of Various Social Ties during Egypt’s Governmental Transition
Abstract Tie strength is fundamental to the examination of interpersonal forces (Solomon, 2013). Social ties enable collaborative creation and sharing of ideas, which provides diverse communication power (Granovetter, 1973). In this study, the researcher assumed that: strong ties and weak ties are positive in the effective socialization process regarding political topics in Egypt. This study was considered conclusive research, with a cross-sectional design and a descriptive purpose. Each of the variables was measured using a 5-point Likert scale. 384 questionnaires were used in this study. The SPSS analysis showed that the hypotheses were supported. Both strong and weak interpersonal relations were able to impact significantly the socialization process. Though, strong ties had a more statistically significance than weak ties. This study contributes on the theoretical level by adding to the field of political socialization and social influence in the Middle East context and by demonstrating the validity of the scales of in the Egyptian context. It contributes on the practical level by defining the impact of interpersonal ties during social dealings.
Effects of corporate economic intelligence on the international competitiveness of Tunisian firms
Abstract The purpose of our paper is to analyze rigorously one of the significant factors of the international competitiveness of the firms that relating to the corporate economic intelligence. The originality of this research lies in the assimilation of the shares relating to the identification and the exploitation of the opportunities, and thus, the entrepreneurial orientation, as an integral part of the corporate economic intelligence able to stimulate the international competitiveness of the Tunisians firms. The results of our analysis applied to a sample of 120 Tunisian firms show the positive and significant effects of the various devices of the corporate economic intelligence relating to the collection, the diffusion of information and the entrepreneurial orientation on the international competitiveness. In addition, our results show that the effects of the devices relating to the analysis and the processing as well as the protection of the information on the international competitiveness are done indirectly via their effects on the entrepreneurial orientation.
Achieving Balance in Work-Family Conflict through the Influences of Family Supportive HRM: A Conceptual Framework for the Organizations of Bangladesh
Abstract The inclusion of a female in the workforce has brought the issue of work-family conflict (WFC) within the research paradigm. Most studies on WFC have been conducted on Western countries. Recently researchers of Asian developing countries are also showing their interest in studying WFC, its predictors and outcomes. However, In Bangladesh, study on WFC is very limited. The present paper reviews extant literatures on WFC to give a broader view on WFC through accumulating the scattered research findings so that employers and employees of Bangladesh can have a better idea of addressing WFC with possible strategies. The paper contributes to the existing literatures by proposing a new dimension of research area: managing WFC through family supportive Human Resource Management (HRM) among organizations in Bangladesh. A proposed Family Supportive HRM (FSHRM) Model is presented and related hypotheses are formed to support WFC policy making for the organizations of Bangladesh. Future empirical study on this area is thereby sought from the local researchers to incorporate local characteristics in addressing WFC. Thus, WFC from the developing country perspective is added.
Transformational Leadership: Winning Competencies for Organizations
Abstract This review paper explores transformational leadership and predicts its skills and qualities to be crucial antecedents for organizational effectiveness in organizations. A substantial body of literature on transformational leadership was reviewed and the findings revealed that the transformational leadership skills and qualities are vital to lead organizations through change and increase their ability to achieve success and expansion in their environments. The primary impact of transformational leadership on organizational effectiveness is attributed to the transformational skills and qualities which increase organizational capability to effectively address forceful challenges and changes in their environments.
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